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What is Allergies?
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Main > Specialty Areas > Immunology >
Allergies

Causes of Allergies

Pretty much anything can cause an allergic reaction: house dust, mold, insects, dust mites, latex, makeup, laundry detergent, pet fur, pollen, sperm, various foods, medicines and even cold temperatures and sun light.

One of the main causes of allergies is a protein called histamine that occurs naturally in a human body. During an immune reaction, a body starts "injecting" histamine molecules into the blood stream. The result: skin reddening, vasodilation (an increase of permeability of blood vessels) that subsequently causes the familiar allergy symptoms such as runny nose and watery eyes. When histamine is released in the lungs it causes the airways to constrict in order to keep out the allergens. That results in difficulties breathing, which happens to people suffering from asthma – a very serious allergic complication that can be fatal.

Chemical Info:
Histamine is a hormone/chemical transmitter that is involved in the body’s immune processes. It regulates stomach acid production, and mediates hypersensitivity of the body during allergic reactions. A histamine release during allergic reactions causes inflammation which results in symptoms typically associated with allergies.

How allergies work is still somewhat of a mystery. A sufferer usually knows the offending substances that cause his or her allergies and tries to avoid them, however an allergy may spontaneously develop in response to a new allergen or spontaneously disappear (unfortunately, the first scenario is much more common than the second). Furthermore, allergies can often be hereditary: if one parent suffers from a particular type, his offspring has a 25% chance of inheriting it. That number grows to 75%-80%, if both parents are sufferers.

‹‹ What is Allergies? Symptoms of Allergies ››

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